Scientific Evidence and Publications

L. Pineau, E. De Philippe.Evaluation of endoscope cleanliness after reprocessing: a clinical-use study. Zentralsterilisation. January 2013.

M. Ribeiro, A. de Oliveira.Analysis of the air/water channels of gastrointestinal endoscopies as a risk factor for the transmission of microorganisms among patients. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control - December 2012 (Vol. 40, Issue 10, Pages 913-916, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.005)

M. Ribeiro, A. Oliveira,S. Ribeiro, et. al. Effectiveness of Flexible Gastrointestinal Endoscope Reprocessing. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 34, No. 3 (March 2013), pp. 309-312. Article DOI: 10.1086/669518

Bajolet O, Ciocan D, Vallet C, et. al. Gastroscopy-associated transmission of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Hosp Infect. 2013 Jan 18. pii: S0195-6701(12)00402-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2012.10.016.

Nelson DB. Infection control during gastrointestinal endoscopy. J Lab Clin Med. 2003 Mar;141(3):159-67.

L. Muscarella. Evaluation of the Risk of Transmission of Bacterial Biofilms and Clostridium difficile During Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Gastroenterology Nursing: January/February 2010 doi: 10.1097/SGA.0b013e3181cd199f

Forte L, Shum C. Comparative cost-efficiency of the EVOTECH endoscope cleaner and reprocessor versus manual cleaning plus automated endoscope reprocessing in a real-world Canadian hospital endoscopy setting. BMC Gastroenterol. 2011 Oct 3;11:105.

L. Lesher, et. al. Healthcare Reported Endoscope Reprocessing Breaches, in Minnesota. Minnesota Department of Health. 2011

A. Adisesh,et. al, Occupational asthma and rhinitis due to detergent enzymes in healthcare Occup Med (Lond) (2011) 61(5): 364-369 doi:10.1093/occmed/kqr107

T Grenkova*, E Selkova, V Aleshkin and A Melkumyan. Ensuring Infectious Safety of Colonoscopy. BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 6):P309 doi:10.1186/1753-6561-5-S6-P309

S.Tschudin-Sutter, R. Frei, G. Kampf, M. Tamm, E. Pflimlin, M. Battegay and A. Franz Widmer. Emergence of Glutaraldehyde-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Vol. 32, No. 12 (December 2011), pp. 1173-1178. Article DOI: 10.1086/662624

Jolly, J. D., Hildebrand, E. A., Branaghan, R. J., Garland, T. B., Epstein, D., Babcock-Parziale, J. and Brown, V. (2012), Patient safety and reprocessing: A usability test of the endoscope reprocessing procedure. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 22: 39–51. doi: 10.1002/hfm.20278

C. Ofstead, H. Wetzler, A. Snyder, R. Horton. Endoscope Reprocessing Methods. A Prospective Study on the Impact of Human Factors and Automation. Gastroenterology Nursing 2010;33:4.

M. Alfa, P. Degagne, N. Olson, I. Fatima. EVOTECH® Endoscope Cleaner and Reprocessor (ECR) simulated-use and clinical-use evaluation of cleaning efficacy. BMC Infectious Diseases 2010, 10:200

S. Drysdale. The Incidence of Upper Extremity Injuries in Canadian Endoscopy Nurses. Gastroenterology Nurses and Association, Volume 34, Number 1, 2011

M.Diab-Elschahawi, MD, A. Blacky, MD, N. Bachhofner, W. Koller, MD. Lumen claims of the STERRAD 100NX sterilizer: Testing performance limits when processing equipment containing long, narrow lumens. American Journal of Infection Control. Volume 39, Issue 9, November 2011, Pages 770–774.k

N. Chobin. Sterilization and Liquid Chemical Sterilant Processing: An Expert Discussion Regarding the Latest Information. Infection Control Today

B. Schäfer. Decreased Number of Repairs of Rigid Scopes as a Result of Low-Temperature Sterilization with H2O2 Gas Plasma. World Forum for Hospital Sterile Supply.

.G. Skogås*, R. Mårvik. Measures Taken to Reduce Damage and Repair Costs of Rigid Endoscopes During their Handling and Processing in Surgical Practice. Zentr Steril 2004; 12 (1): 2939)

Adler S, Scherrer M, Daschner FD. Costs of low-temperature plasma sterilization compared with other sterilization methods. J Hosp Infect. 1998 Oct;40(2):125-34

The University of Chicago Press, special topic issue The Role of the Environment in Infection Prevention dedicated entirely to the role of the environment in infection prevention.

AJIC Dec 2012. The December issue of the American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC), now available online, includes articles that focus on various aspects of infection prevention and the environment of care

J.A. Otter, S. Yezlib, T.M. Perlc, F. Barbute, G.L. Frencha. The role of ‘no-touch’ automated room disinfection systems in infection prevention and control. Journal of Hospital Infection; Volume 83, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 1–13

Thomas J. Sandora, M.D., M.P.H., and Donald A. Goldmann, M.D. Preventing Lethal Hospital Outbreaks of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:2168-2170

C. McDonald and M. Arduino. Climbing the Evidentiary Hierarchy for Environmental Infection Control. Clin Infect Dis. (2012) doi: 10.1093/cid/cis845 First published online: October 5, 2012

H. Attaway, et. al. Intrinsic bacterial burden associated with intensive care unit hospital beds: Effects of disinfection on population recovery and mitigation of potential infection risk. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control - 24 February 2012 (10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.019).

U. Stiefel et. al. Contamination of Hands with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus after Contact with Environmental Surfaces and after Contact with the Skin of Colonized Patients. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Vol. 32, No. 2 (February 2011), pp. 185-187.

C. Roques, L. Pineau , A. Florentin. Automated Room Surface Disinfection – Proposals for an International Standard. European Infectious Disease, 2012;6(2):94-7

Passaretti CL, et. al. An evaluation of environmental decontamination with hydrogen peroxide vapor for reducing the risk of patient acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Oct 5.

Farrin A. Manian, Sandra Griesnauer, Diane Senke. Impact of terminal cleaning and disinfection on isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii complex from inanimate surfaces of hospital rooms by quantitative and qualitative methods. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control - 08 October 2012 (10.1016/j.ajic.2012.04.321).

K. Pyrek. Environmental Hygiene: What We Know from Scientific Studies. Infection Control Today Magazine. August 30, 2012.

L. Silvia Munoz-Price, MD; David J. Birnbach, MD, MPH; et al. Decreasing Operating Room Environmental Pathogen Contamination through Improved Cleaning Practice. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 33, No. 9 (September 2012), pp. 897-904.

M. Grare, M. Dailloux, L. Simon, P. Dimajo and C. Laurain. Efficacy of Dry Mist of Hydrogen Peroxide (DMHP) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and use of DMHP for Routine Decontamination of Biosafety Level 3 Laboratories. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2008, 46(9):2955. DOI.

Nancy L. Havill, Brent A. Moore and John M. Boyce. Comparison of the Microbiological Efficacy of Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor and Ultraviolet Light Processes for Room Decontamination. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 33, No. 5 (May 2012), pp. 507-512.

Morgan DJ, et. al. Transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria to healthcare workers' gloves and gowns after patient contact increases with environmental contaminationn. Pub Med. 2012 Apr;40(4):1045-51.

T. Koburger, H. Below, T. Dornquast. Decontamination of room air and adjoining wall surfaces by nebulizing hydrogen peroxideGMS Krankenhaushyg Interdiszip 2011;6(1):Doc09.

John M. Boyce, Nancy L. Havill and Brent A. Moore. Terminal Decontamination of Patient Rooms Using an Automated Mobile UV Light Unit. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Vol. 32, No. 8 (August 2011), pp. 737-742.

William A. Rutala and David J. Weber. Are Room Decontamination Units Needed to Prevent Transmission of Environmental Pathogens. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 32, No. 8 (August 2011), pp. 743-747.

Jonathan A. Otter, Saber Yezli and Gary L. French. The Role Played by Contaminated Surfaces in the Transmission of Nosocomial Pathogens. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 32, No. 7 (July 2011), pp. 687-699.

Ray A., et. al. Use of vaporized hydrogen peroxide decontamination during an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection at a long-term acute care hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 Dec;31(12):1236-41. Epub 2010 Oct 25.

Carling PC, Bartley JM. Evaluating Hygienic Cleaning In Health Care Settings: What You Do Not Know Can Harm Your Patients. Am J Infect Control, 2010; 38(5 Suppl 1): S41-50.

A. Davies; T. Pottage; A. Bennett; J. Walker. Gaseous and air decontamination technologies for Clostridium difficile in the healthcare environment. Journal of Hospital Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2010.08.012.

D. Weber, W. Rutala, M. Miller, K. Huslage, E. Sickbert-Bennett. Role of hospital surfaces in the transmission of emerging health care associated pathogens: Norovirus, Clostridium difficile, and Acinetobacter species. American Journal of Infection Control, 38 (2010) 25-33.

F. Barbut, PharmD, PhD; D. Menuet, BSc; M. Verachten, BSc; E. Girou, PharmD. Comparison of the Efficacy of a Hydrogen Peroxide Dry-Mist Disinfection System and Sodium Hypochlorite Solution for Eradication of Clostridium difficile Spores. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2009, Vol. 30, No. 6.

M.D. Bartels, K. Kristoffersen, T. Slotsbjerg, S.M. Rohde,B. Lundgren, H. Westh. Environmental Contamination Makes An Important Contribution To Hospital Infection. Journal of Hospital Infection 2008;70:35e41.

N. Singh, P. Brennan, M.Bell. Primum Non Nocere. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2008, vol. 29, supplement.

Yokoe, et. al. A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2008, Vol. 29, Supplement 1.

John M. Boyce. Environmental contamination makes an important contribution to hospital infection. Journal Of Hospital Infection2007; 65(S2) 50-54.

Dancer SJ. How do we assess hospital cleaning? A proposal for microbiological standards for surface hygiene in hospitals. J Hosp Infect. 2004 Jan;56(1):10-5.

G. FitzGerald, G. Moore, A.P.R. Wilson, Hand hygiene after touching a patient's surroundings: the opportunities most commonly missed, Journal of Hospital Infection, Available online 1 March 2013, ISSN 0195-6701, 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.01.008.

K. Coleman, J. Tan, et. al. Surgical Site infection in Australia: A Systematic Review of the incidence and economic burden. 2012

J. Vostok et. al. Assessment of the burden of mandatory reporting of health care-associated infection using the National Healthcare Safety Network in Massachusetts. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control - 24 October 2012 (10.1016/j.ajic.2012.05.021)

R. Watkins, M. David and R. Salata. Current concepts on the virulence mechanisms of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Med Microbiol September 2012 vol. 61 no. Pt 9 1179-1193

Kirkland KB, Homa KA, Lasky RA, et. al. Impact of a hospital-wide hand hygiene initiative on healthcare-associated infections: results of an interrupted time series. BMJ Qual Saf. 2012 Jul 24

K. Coleman, J. Tan, et. al. Surgical Site infection in China: A Systematic Review of the incidence and economic burden. 2012.

K. Coleman, J. Tan, et. al. Surgical Site infection in India: A Systematic Review of the incidence and economic burden. 2012.

K. Coleman, J. Tan, et. al. Surgical Site infection in Japan: A Systematic Review of the incidence and economic burden. 2012.

D. Birnbach, I. Nevo, S. Barnes, et.al. Do hospital visitors wash their hands? Assessing the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer in a hospital lobby. AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control - May 2012 (Vol. 40, Issue 4, Pages 340-343, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.05.006).

C. Emerson, MS; L. Eyzaguirre, MS; J. Albrecht, BA; et.al., Healthcare-Associated Infection and Hospital Readmission. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 33, No. 6 (June 2012), pp. 539-544.

Ellingson K, et.al. Healthcare personnel perceptions of hand hygiene monitoring technology. Infect Control Hosp Epidem. Vol. 32, No. 11. (November 2011), pp. 1091-1096.

Erasmus V, et. al. Systematic review of studies on compliance with hand hygiene guidelines in hospital care. Infect Control Hosp Epidem. Vol. 31, No. 3. pp. 283-294. March 2010.

Stewardson A and Pittet D. Quicker, easier and cheaper? The promise of automated hand hygiene monitoring. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. Oct;32(10):1029-31. 2011.